Oral Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in High-Risk Type 2 Diabetes

This double blind, placebo controlled trial evaluated the cardiovascular efficacy of once daily oral semaglutide (maximal dose: 14 mg) in 9,650 participants with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk (atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, or both). Over a median follow up of 49.5 months, oral semaglutide significantly reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke) compared to placebo (hazard ratio: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.77–0.96; P=0.006). The incidence of serious adverse events was lower with semaglutide (47.9% vs. 50.3%), though gastrointestinal disorders were more frequent (5.0% vs. 4.4%). Oral semaglutide demonstrated cardiovascular benefits without new safety concerns.

This double blind, placebo controlled trial evaluated the cardiovascular efficacy of once daily oral semaglutide (maximal dose: 14 mg) in 9,650 participants with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk (atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, or both). Over a median follow up of 49.5 months, oral semaglutide significantly reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke) compared to placebo (hazard ratio: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.77–0.96; P=0.006). The incidence of serious adverse events was lower with semaglutide (47.9% vs. 50.3%), though gastrointestinal disorders were more frequent (5.0% vs. 4.4%). Oral semaglutide demonstrated cardiovascular benefits without new safety concerns.