Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosed Early in Pregnancy

This randomized trial investigated whether immediate treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) before 20 weeks' gestation improves maternal and infant health outcomes. Participants included 802 women with risk factors for hyperglycemia, diagnosed with GDM using WHO 2013 criteria. They were assigned to either immediate treatment or deferred/no treatment based on repeat oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results at 24–28 weeks. The primary outcomes were a composite of adverse neonatal outcomes, pregnancy-related hypertension, and neonatal lean body mass. Results showed a modest reduction in adverse neonatal outcomes (24.9% vs. 30.5%) with immediate treatment, but no significant differences in pregnancy related hypertension or neonatal lean body mass.

This randomized trial investigated whether immediate treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) before 20 weeks' gestation improves maternal and infant health outcomes. Participants included 802 women with risk factors for hyperglycemia, diagnosed with GDM using WHO 2013 criteria. They were assigned to either immediate treatment or deferred/no treatment based on repeat oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results at 24–28 weeks. The primary outcomes were a composite of adverse neonatal outcomes, pregnancy-related hypertension, and neonatal lean body mass. Results showed a modest reduction in adverse neonatal outcomes (24.9% vs. 30.5%) with immediate treatment, but no significant differences in pregnancy related hypertension or neonatal lean body mass.