Liver Transplantation

This comprehensive review outlines the evolution, challenges, and advancements in liver transplantation. It emphasizes global disparities in access, particularly affecting vulnerable populations, and highlights both acute and chronic liver failure as leading indications. The article explores innovations in organ preservation—such as machine perfusion along with living-donor procedures, transplant outcomes, and allocation ethics. It also covers complications, psychosocial assessments, cancer risks, and long-term care needs, positioning liver transplantation as both life-saving and resource-intensive in clinical practice.

This comprehensive review outlines the evolution, challenges, and advancements in liver transplantation. It emphasizes global disparities in access, particularly affecting vulnerable populations, and highlights both acute and chronic liver failure as leading indications. The article explores innovations in organ preservation—such as machine perfusion along with living-donor procedures, transplant outcomes, and allocation ethics. It also covers complications, psychosocial assessments, cancer risks, and long-term care needs, positioning liver transplantation as both life-saving and resource-intensive in clinical practice.