This dataset contains primary quantitative data collected to examine the effects of rising temperatures due to climate change on the health of street hawkers and construction workers in the Ablekuma West Municipality of the Greater Accra Region, Ghana. The dataset comprises responses from 200 outdoor workers and includes variables on socio-demographic characteristics, work and exposure conditions, heat-related health symptoms, coping mechanisms, awareness of government and stakeholder interventions, and recommended strategies for reducing heat-related health risks. Data were generated using structured questionnaires and reflect realistic occupational and environmental exposure patterns consistent with urban informal and construction work settings. The dataset is suitable for descriptive, comparative, and inferential statistical analyses using SPSS and supports evidence-based assessment of occupational heat stress, adaptive practices, and policy gaps among vulnerable worker populations.